Acrylonitrile Butadiene Rubber, usually shortened to Nitrile, was developed in 1941 as the first oil resistant rubber. Grades with high acrylonitrile content have better oil resistance whereas low acrylonitrile content gives better low temperature flexibility and resilience. Nitrile has moderate physical properties but good abrasion resistance. Gas permeability is low.
Ozone resistance and electrical properties are poor. Flame resistance is poor and it is not suitable for use with use with polar solvents (e.g. MEK).
Certain grades can be compounded with PVC to improve ageing, flame, petrol and ozone resistance

Silicone are ideal for high and low temperature applications. Electrical properties are excellent and resistance to weathering and ozone attack is outstanding.   It is not resistant to super-heated steam. Physical properties are generally low but are at least retained at higher temperatures. Gas permeability is very poor as is resistance to petroleum based fluids. Silicone rubbers are expensive in comparison to most other rubbers.
Food Quality/FDA compliant grades are available for use in the food and pharmaceutical industries.

Chloroprene Rubber (CR), widely known as Neoprene®, was one of the first oil resistant synthetic rubbers. However, it has only moderate resistance to petroleum based oils and fuels. It can be considered as a good general purpose rubber with an excellent balance of physical and chemical properties. It has better chemical, oil, ozone and heat resistance than natural rubber but a rather lower level of physical properties. Chloroprene tends to slowly absorb water and its electrical properties are poor. Its gas permeability is fairly low and flame resistance is excellent, chloroprene being one of the few rubbers that are self-extinguishing. Neoprene gives excellent rubber-metal bonds and good resilience. Neoprene® is a registered trademark of DuPont Performance Elastomers.

Ethlylene Propylene Diene Monomer is a copolymer of ethylene and propylene and a smaller amount of a diene monomer which forms chemically unsaturated ethylene groups pendant from the main saturated chain. These facilitate cross-linking reactions which do not affect the integrity of the polymer backbone. This feature gives EPDM excellent heat, ozone and chemical resistance. Physical properties are very good and resistance to polar fluids is generally good. Low temperature resistance is very good and EPDM can be compounded to give excellent electrical resistance. 
EPDM is not suitable for exposure to petroleum based fluids and di-ester lubricants.

Natural rubber is the only non-synthetic rubber and has been in commercial use since the beginning of the 20th century. It is extracted from the sap of the Hevea Brasiliensis tree grown in renewable plantations. It is fully biodegradable.
Tensile strength, elongation and abrasion resistance is excellent over a wide hardness range, and with the exception of certain formulations of polybutadiene, it has the highest resilience of all rubbers. With its good tear strength, fatigue resistance and excellent compression set it is the ideal choice for dynamic applications at low and ambient temperatures. Weathering resistance is good for black compounds but only fair for white and coloured mixes.
Although natural rubber can be used with water and some dilute acids, alkalis and chemicals, EPDM is normally preferable for most aqueous applications. Natural rubber compounds are not suitable for exposure to petroleum based oils and fuels. It has poor resistance to elevated temperatures and is susceptible to attack by ozone unless specifically compounded with anti-ozonants.

Polyurethanes fall into two main classes; polyester (AU) and polyether (EU). These materials have outstanding tensile strength and abrasion resistance. They also have good resistance to oxidation, ozone and petroleum based fuels and oils. Polyesters have physical properties slightly superior to those of polyethers. Electrical properties are fairly good.

Unlike polyethers, polyesters can be affected by hot water and high humidity and their resistance to acids and alkalis is low. Maximum operating temperatures should not significantly exceed ambient. Compression set and creep properties are only fair.

Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR) is one of the cheaper general purpose rubbers. Its physical strength, resilience and low temperature properties are usually inferior to Natural Rubber though heat-aging properties and abrasion resistance are better.  SBR is not resistant to oil or fuel resistant and it can be prone to weathering.

Fluoroelastomers or Fluorocarbons, widely known as Viton®, are among the most suitable rubbers for continuous use at temperatures of 200°C and up to 300°C for short periods. Various grades are available depending upon whether compression set, flexibility (as in diaphragms) or chemical resistance is the prime concern. Fluoroelastomers have excellent resistance to ozone and weathering, oils and most chemicals.   They are, however, very expensive, unsuitable for use with phosphate esters and ketones and have poor low temperature capabilities.
Viton® is a registered trade mark of DuPont Performance Elastomers.

EVA is one of the materials popularly known as expanded rubber or foam rubber. EVA foam is used as padding in equipment for various sports.  It is typically used as a shock absorber in sports shoes, for example.  It has good moisture resistance and high tear resistance make it ideal.  It is also very resilient and recovers from compression even after extended use.

Polyethylene foam is a strong, resilient closed-cell foam. Ideally suited as the material or part of a material required in products requiring a shock absorbing, vibration dampening, insulation, barrier or buoyancy component, and as a material for cushioning products in packaging applications. Polyethylene foam's excellent buoyancy allows it to be used in flotation equipment, and other nautical products.
It is:  Closed cell chemically crosslinked polyethylene foam, Lightweight, Shatter proof, Cost-effective, Easy to fabricate, Non-dusting, Excellent buoyancy, Superb strength, and tear resistance, High shock absorption, Flexibility, Impervious to mildew, mold, rot, and bacteria, Superior chemical & grease resistance

Cross-linked polyethylene foam (also known as XLPE) is a closed-cell foam characterized by a compact feel and resistance to water. It has many of the same properties as polyethylene foam but also has the ability to protect class "A" surfaces and is consequently used extensively in the packaging of medical products and equipment.
Compression molding and thermoforming are common fabricating methods. These fabrication methods provide a unique finish that is aesthetically pleasing while still providing the necessary cushioning and support required.